Property scams are unfortunately common in Nigeria. Many people have lost their hard-earned savings to fraudulent sellers, fake agents, and forged documents. However, with the right knowledge and precautions, you can protect yourself from these scams. This guide explains how to avoid scams when buying property in Nigeria.The first step is to verify the identity of the seller or agent. Ask for proper identification and check their credentials. Genuine real estate agents are registered with the Estate Agents Registration Board of Nigeria. Ask for their EARBN number and verify it. If they cannot provide this information, be cautious.
The second step is to verify all property documents. The Certificate of Occupancy, Deed of Assignment, and Survey Plan are the most important documents. Verify these documents with the appropriate government offices. Do not rely solely on the seller's representations. Visit the land registry or use the online portal to confirm the authenticity of the documents.
The third step is to visit the property physically. Many scams involve selling land that does not exist or that the seller does not own. Always inspect the property with your own eyes. Check for boundary marks and speak with neighbors to confirm the history of the land. If the seller refuses to allow a physical inspection, this is a major red flag.
The fourth step is to check for government acquisition. Some land has been acquired by the government for public projects. If the land is under acquisition, you cannot legally buy it. Visit the relevant government office to confirm the status of the land before making any payment.
The fifth step is to engage a reputable lawyer. A good property lawyer will conduct a search at the land registry, verify all documents, and ensure that the transaction is legally sound. While legal fees add to the cost, they are a small price to pay compared to the potential losses from a fraudulent purchase.
The sixth step is to be wary of deals that seem too good to be true. Scammers often use unrealistically low prices to attract buyers. If the price is significantly below the market average, be suspicious. Research current market prices for similar properties in the same area.
In conclusion, avoiding property scams requires vigilance and due diligence. Verify the identity of the seller, check all documents, visit the property, check for government acquisition, engage a lawyer, and be wary of deals that seem too good to be true. These steps will help you protect your investment.
Frequently Asked Questions:
Q: How do I verify a real estate agent in Nigeria?
A: Ask for their EARBN number and verify it with the Estate Agents Registration Board of Nigeria.
Q: What should I do if I suspect a property scam?
A: Report the matter to the police immediately and do not make any payment.
Q: Can I buy property without a lawyer?
A: Yes, but it is strongly recommended to engage a lawyer for proper due diligence.
Q: What are the most common property scams in Nigeria?
A: Fake documents, land that does not exist, sellers who do not own the land, and fake agents are among the most common scams.
Published: August 14, 2026